/* Object file "section" support for the BFD library. Copyright (C) 1990-2024 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Written by Cygnus Support. This file is part of BFD, the Binary File Descriptor library. This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. */ /* SECTION Sections The raw data contained within a BFD is maintained through the section abstraction. A single BFD may have any number of sections. It keeps hold of them by pointing to the first; each one points to the next in the list. Sections are supported in BFD in <>. @menu @* Section Input:: @* Section Output:: @* typedef asection:: @* section prototypes:: @end menu INODE Section Input, Section Output, Sections, Sections SUBSECTION Section input When a BFD is opened for reading, the section structures are created and attached to the BFD. Each section has a name which describes the section in the outside world---for example, <> would contain at least three sections, called <<.text>>, <<.data>> and <<.bss>>. Names need not be unique; for example a COFF file may have several sections named <<.data>>. Sometimes a BFD will contain more than the ``natural'' number of sections. A back end may attach other sections containing constructor data, or an application may add a section (using <>) to the sections attached to an already open BFD. For example, the linker creates an extra section <> for each input file's BFD to hold information about common storage. The raw data is not necessarily read in when the section descriptor is created. Some targets may leave the data in place until a <> call is made. Other back ends may read in all the data at once. For example, an S-record file has to be read once to determine the size of the data. INODE Section Output, typedef asection, Section Input, Sections SUBSECTION Section output To write a new object style BFD, the various sections to be written have to be created. They are attached to the BFD in the same way as input sections; data is written to the sections using <>. Any program that creates or combines sections (e.g., the assembler and linker) must use the <> fields <> and <> to indicate the file sections to which each section must be written. (If the section is being created from scratch, <> should probably point to the section itself and <> should probably be zero.) The data to be written comes from input sections attached (via <> pointers) to the output sections. The output section structure can be considered a filter for the input section: the output section determines the vma of the output data and the name, but the input section determines the offset into the output section of the data to be written. E.g., to create a section "O", starting at 0x100, 0x123 long, containing two subsections, "A" at offset 0x0 (i.e., at vma 0x100) and "B" at offset 0x20 (i.e., at vma 0x120) the <> structures would look like: | section name "A" | output_offset 0x00 | size 0x20 | output_section -----------> section name "O" | | vma 0x100 | section name "B" | size 0x123 | output_offset 0x20 | | size 0x103 | | output_section --------| SUBSECTION Link orders The data within a section is stored in a @dfn{link_order}. These are much like the fixups in <>. The link_order abstraction allows a section to grow and shrink within itself. A link_order knows how big it is, and which is the next link_order and where the raw data for it is; it also points to a list of relocations which apply to it. The link_order is used by the linker to perform relaxing on final code. The compiler creates code which is as big as necessary to make it work without relaxing, and the user can select whether to relax. Sometimes relaxing takes a lot of time. The linker runs around the relocations to see if any are attached to data which can be shrunk, if so it does it on a link_order by link_order basis. */ #include "sysdep.h" #include "bfd.h" #include "libbfd.h" #include "bfdlink.h" /* DOCDD INODE typedef asection, section prototypes, Section Output, Sections SUBSECTION typedef asection Here is the section structure: EXTERNAL .{* Linenumber stuff. *} .typedef struct lineno_cache_entry .{ . unsigned int line_number; {* Linenumber from start of function. *} . union . { . struct bfd_symbol *sym; {* Function name. *} . bfd_vma offset; {* Offset into section. *} . } u; .} .alent; . CODE_FRAGMENT .typedef struct bfd_section .{ . {* The name of the section; the name isn't a copy, the pointer is . the same as that passed to bfd_make_section. *} . const char *name; . . {* The next section in the list belonging to the BFD, or NULL. *} . struct bfd_section *next; . . {* The previous section in the list belonging to the BFD, or NULL. *} . struct bfd_section *prev; . . {* A unique sequence number. *} . unsigned int id; . . {* A unique section number which can be used by assembler to . distinguish different sections with the same section name. *} . unsigned int section_id; . . {* Which section in the bfd; 0..n-1 as sections are created in a bfd. *} . unsigned int index; . . {* The field flags contains attributes of the section. Some . flags are read in from the object file, and some are . synthesized from other information. *} . flagword flags; . .#define SEC_NO_FLAGS 0x0 . . {* Tells the OS to allocate space for this section when loading. . This is clear for a section containing debug information only. *} .#define SEC_ALLOC 0x1 . . {* Tells the OS to load the section from the file when loading. . This is clear for a .bss section. *} .#define SEC_LOAD 0x2 . . {* The section contains data still to be relocated, so there is . some relocation information too. *} .#define SEC_RELOC 0x4 . . {* A signal to the OS that the section contains read only data. *} .#define SEC_READONLY 0x8 . . {* The section contains code only. *} .#define SEC_CODE 0x10 . . {* The section contains data only. *} .#define SEC_DATA 0x20 . . {* The section will reside in ROM. *} .#define SEC_ROM 0x40 . . {* The section contains constructor information. This section . type is used by the linker to create lists of constructors and . destructors used by <>. When a back end sees a symbol . which should be used in a constructor list, it creates a new . section for the type of name (e.g., <<__CTOR_LIST__>>), attaches . the symbol to it, and builds a relocation. To build the lists . of constructors, all the linker has to do is catenate all the . sections called <<__CTOR_LIST__>> and relocate the data . contained within - exactly the operations it would peform on . standard data. *} .#define SEC_CONSTRUCTOR 0x80 . . {* The section has contents - a data section could be . <> | <>; a debug section could be . <> *} .#define SEC_HAS_CONTENTS 0x100 . . {* An instruction to the linker to not output the section . even if it has information which would normally be written. *} .#define SEC_NEVER_LOAD 0x200 . . {* The section contains thread local data. *} .#define SEC_THREAD_LOCAL 0x400 . . {* The section's size is fixed. Generic linker code will not . recalculate it and it is up to whoever has set this flag to . get the size right. *} .#define SEC_FIXED_SIZE 0x800 . . {* The section contains common symbols (symbols may be defined . multiple times, the value of a symbol is the amount of . space it requires, and the largest symbol value is the one . used). Most targets have exactly one of these (which we . translate to bfd_com_section_ptr), but ECOFF has two. *} .#define SEC_IS_COMMON 0x1000 . . {* The section contains only debugging information. For . example, this is set for ELF .debug and .stab sections. . strip tests this flag to see if a section can be . discarded. *} .#define SEC_DEBUGGING 0x2000 . . {* The contents of this section are held in memory pointed to . by the contents field. This is checked by bfd_get_section_contents, . and the data is retrieved from memory if appropriate. *} .#define SEC_IN_MEMORY 0x4000 . . {* The contents of this section are to be excluded by the . linker for executable and shared objects unless those . objects are to be further relocated. *} .#define SEC_EXCLUDE 0x8000 . . {* The contents of this section are to be sorted based on the sum of . the symbol and addend values specified by the associated relocation . entries. Entries without associated relocation entries will be . appended to the end of the section in an unspecified order. *} .#define SEC_SORT_ENTRIES 0x10000 . . {* When linking, duplicate sections of the same name should be . discarded, rather than being combined into a single section as . is usually done. This is similar to how common symbols are . handled. See SEC_LINK_DUPLICATES below. *} .#define SEC_LINK_ONCE 0x20000 . . {* If SEC_LINK_ONCE is set, this bitfield describes how the linker . should handle duplicate sections. *} .#define SEC_LINK_DUPLICATES 0xc0000 . . {* This value for SEC_LINK_DUPLICATES means that duplicate . sections with the same name should simply be discarded. *} .#define SEC_LINK_DUPLICATES_DISCARD 0x0 . . {* This value for SEC_LINK_DUPLICATES means that the linker . should warn if there are any duplicate sections, although . it should still only link one copy. *} .#define SEC_LINK_DUPLICATES_ONE_ONLY 0x40000 . . {* This value for SEC_LINK_DUPLICATES means that the linker . should warn if any duplicate sections are a different size. *} .#define SEC_LINK_DUPLICATES_SAME_SIZE 0x80000 . . {* This value for SEC_LINK_DUPLICATES means that the linker . should warn if any duplicate sections contain different . contents. *} .#define SEC_LINK_DUPLICATES_SAME_CONTENTS \ . (SEC_LINK_DUPLICATES_ONE_ONLY | SEC_LINK_DUPLICATES_SAME_SIZE) . . {* This section was created by the linker as part of dynamic . relocation or other arcane processing. It is skipped when . going through the first-pass output, trusting that someone . else up the line will take care of it later. *} .#define SEC_LINKER_CREATED 0x100000 . . {* This section contains a section ID to distinguish different . sections with the same section name. *} .#define SEC_ASSEMBLER_SECTION_ID 0x100000 . . {* This section should not be subject to garbage collection. . Also set to inform the linker that this section should not be . listed in the link map as discarded. *} .#define SEC_KEEP 0x200000 . . {* This section contains "short" data, and should be placed . "near" the GP. *} .#define SEC_SMALL_DATA 0x400000 . . {* Attempt to merge identical entities in the section. . Entity size is given in the entsize field. *} .#define SEC_MERGE 0x800000 . . {* If given with SEC_MERGE, entities to merge are zero terminated . strings where entsize specifies character size instead of fixed . size entries. *} .#define SEC_STRINGS 0x1000000 . . {* This section contains data about section groups. *} .#define SEC_GROUP 0x2000000 . . {* The section is a COFF shared library section. This flag is . only for the linker. If this type of section appears in . the input file, the linker must copy it to the output file . without changing the vma or size. FIXME: Although this . was originally intended to be general, it really is COFF . specific (and the flag was renamed to indicate this). It . might be cleaner to have some more general mechanism to . allow the back end to control what the linker does with . sections. *} .#define SEC_COFF_SHARED_LIBRARY 0x4000000 . . {* This input section should be copied to output in reverse order . as an array of pointers. This is for ELF linker internal use . only. *} .#define SEC_ELF_REVERSE_COPY 0x4000000 . . {* This section contains data which may be shared with other . executables or shared objects. This is for COFF only. *} .#define SEC_COFF_SHARED 0x8000000 . . {* Indicate that section has the purecode flag set. *} .#define SEC_ELF_PURECODE 0x8000000 . . {* When a section with this flag is being linked, then if the size of . the input section is less than a page, it should not cross a page . boundary. If the size of the input section is one page or more, . it should be aligned on a page boundary. This is for TI . TMS320C54X only. *} .#define SEC_TIC54X_BLOCK 0x10000000 . . {* This section has the SHF_X86_64_LARGE flag. This is ELF x86-64 only. *} .#define SEC_ELF_LARGE 0x10000000 . . {* Conditionally link this section; do not link if there are no . references found to any symbol in the section. This is for TI . TMS320C54X only. *} .#define SEC_TIC54X_CLINK 0x20000000 . . {* This section contains vliw code. This is for Toshiba MeP only. *} .#define SEC_MEP_VLIW 0x20000000 . . {* All symbols, sizes and relocations in this section are octets . instead of bytes. Required for DWARF debug sections as DWARF . information is organized in octets, not bytes. *} .#define SEC_ELF_OCTETS 0x40000000 . . {* Indicate that section has the no read flag set. This happens . when memory read flag isn't set. *} .#define SEC_COFF_NOREAD 0x40000000 . . {* End of section flags. *} . . {* Some internal packed boolean fields. *} . . {* See the vma field. *} . unsigned int user_set_vma : 1; . . {* A mark flag used by some of the linker backends. *} . unsigned int linker_mark : 1; . . {* Another mark flag used by some of the linker backends. Set for . output sections that have an input section. *} . unsigned int linker_has_input : 1; . . {* Mark flag used by some linker backends for garbage collection. *} . unsigned int gc_mark : 1; . . {* Section compression status. *} . unsigned int compress_status : 2; .#define COMPRESS_SECTION_NONE 0 .#define COMPRESS_SECTION_DONE 1 .#define DECOMPRESS_SECTION_ZLIB 2 .#define DECOMPRESS_SECTION_ZSTD 3 . . {* The following flags are used by the ELF linker. *} . . {* Mark sections which have been allocated to segments. *} . unsigned int segment_mark : 1; . . {* Type of sec_info information. *} . unsigned int sec_info_type:3; .#define SEC_INFO_TYPE_NONE 0 .#define SEC_INFO_TYPE_STABS 1 .#define SEC_INFO_TYPE_MERGE 2 .#define SEC_INFO_TYPE_EH_FRAME 3 .#define SEC_INFO_TYPE_JUST_SYMS 4 .#define SEC_INFO_TYPE_TARGET 5 .#define SEC_INFO_TYPE_EH_FRAME_ENTRY 6 .#define SEC_INFO_TYPE_SFRAME 7 . . {* Nonzero if this section uses RELA relocations, rather than REL. *} . unsigned int use_rela_p:1; . . {* Nonzero if this section contents are mmapped, rather than malloced. *} . unsigned int mmapped_p:1; . . {* Bits used by various backends. The generic code doesn't touch . these fields. *} . . unsigned int sec_flg0:1; . unsigned int sec_flg1:1; . unsigned int sec_flg2:1; . unsigned int sec_flg3:1; . unsigned int sec_flg4:1; . unsigned int sec_flg5:1; . . {* End of internal packed boolean fields. *} . . {* The virtual memory address of the section - where it will be . at run time. The symbols are relocated against this. The . user_set_vma flag is maintained by bfd; if it's not set, the . backend can assign addresses (for example, in <>, where . the default address for <<.data>> is dependent on the specific . target and various flags). *} . bfd_vma vma; . . {* The load address of the section - where it would be in a . rom image; really only used for writing section header . information. *} . bfd_vma lma; . . {* The size of the section in *octets*, as it will be output. . Contains a value even if the section has no contents (e.g., the . size of <<.bss>>). *} . bfd_size_type size; . . {* For input sections, the original size on disk of the section, in . octets. This field should be set for any section whose size is . changed by linker relaxation. It is required for sections where . the linker relaxation scheme doesn't cache altered section and . reloc contents (stabs, eh_frame, SEC_MERGE, some coff relaxing . targets), and thus the original size needs to be kept to read the . section multiple times. For output sections, rawsize holds the . section size calculated on a previous linker relaxation pass. *} . bfd_size_type rawsize; . . {* The compressed size of the section in octets. *} . bfd_size_type compressed_size; . . {* If this section is going to be output, then this value is the . offset in *bytes* into the output section of the first byte in the . input section (byte ==> smallest addressable unit on the . target). In most cases, if this was going to start at the . 100th octet (8-bit quantity) in the output section, this value . would be 100. However, if the target byte size is 16 bits . (bfd_octets_per_byte is "2"), this value would be 50. *} . bfd_vma output_offset; . . {* The output section through which to map on output. *} . struct bfd_section *output_section; . . {* If an input section, a pointer to a vector of relocation . records for the data in this section. *} . struct reloc_cache_entry *relocation; . . {* If an output section, a pointer to a vector of pointers to . relocation records for the data in this section. *} . struct reloc_cache_entry **orelocation; . . {* The number of relocation records in one of the above. *} . unsigned reloc_count; . . {* The alignment requirement of the section, as an exponent of 2 - . e.g., 3 aligns to 2^3 (or 8). *} . unsigned int alignment_power; . . {* Information below is back end specific - and not always used . or updated. *} . . {* File position of section data. *} . file_ptr filepos; . . {* File position of relocation info. *} . file_ptr rel_filepos; . . {* File position of line data. *} . file_ptr line_filepos; . . {* Pointer to data for applications. *} . void *userdata; . . {* If the SEC_IN_MEMORY flag is set, this points to the actual . contents. *} . bfd_byte *contents; . . {* Attached line number information. *} . alent *lineno; . . {* Number of line number records. *} . unsigned int lineno_count; . . {* Entity size for merging purposes. *} . unsigned int entsize; . . {* Points to the kept section if this section is a link-once section, . and is discarded. *} . struct bfd_section *kept_section; . . {* When a section is being output, this value changes as more . linenumbers are written out. *} . file_ptr moving_line_filepos; . . {* What the section number is in the target world. *} . int target_index; . . void *used_by_bfd; . . {* If this is a constructor section then here is a list of the . relocations created to relocate items within it. *} . struct relent_chain *constructor_chain; . . {* The BFD which owns the section. *} . bfd *owner; . . {* A symbol which points at this section only. *} . struct bfd_symbol *symbol; . . {* Early in the link process, map_head and map_tail are used to build . a list of input sections attached to an output section. Later, . output sections use these fields for a list of bfd_link_order . structs. The linked_to_symbol_name field is for ELF assembler . internal use. *} . union { . struct bfd_link_order *link_order; . struct bfd_section *s; . const char *linked_to_symbol_name; . } map_head, map_tail; . . {* Points to the output section this section is already assigned to, . if any. This is used when support for non-contiguous memory . regions is enabled. *} . struct bfd_section *already_assigned; . . {* Explicitly specified section type, if non-zero. *} . unsigned int type; . .} asection; . EXTERNAL .static inline const char * .bfd_section_name (const asection *sec) .{ . return sec->name; .} . .static inline bfd_size_type .bfd_section_size (const asection *sec) .{ . return sec->size; .} . .static inline bfd_vma .bfd_section_vma (const asection *sec) .{ . return sec->vma; .} . .static inline bfd_vma .bfd_section_lma (const asection *sec) .{ . return sec->lma; .} . .static inline unsigned int .bfd_section_alignment (const asection *sec) .{ . return sec->alignment_power; .} . .static inline flagword .bfd_section_flags (const asection *sec) .{ . return sec->flags; .} . .static inline void * .bfd_section_userdata (const asection *sec) .{ . return sec->userdata; .} .static inline bool .bfd_is_com_section (const asection *sec) .{ . return (sec->flags & SEC_IS_COMMON) != 0; .} . .{* Note: the following are provided as inline functions rather than macros . because not all callers use the return value. A macro implementation . would use a comma expression, eg: "((ptr)->foo = val, TRUE)" and some . compilers will complain about comma expressions that have no effect. *} .static inline bool .bfd_set_section_userdata (asection *sec, void *val) .{ . sec->userdata = val; . return true; .} . .static inline bool .bfd_set_section_vma (asection *sec, bfd_vma val) .{ . sec->vma = sec->lma = val; . sec->user_set_vma = true; . return true; .} . .static inline bool .bfd_set_section_lma (asection *sec, bfd_vma val) .{ . sec->lma = val; . return true; .} . .static inline bool .bfd_set_section_alignment (asection *sec, unsigned int val) .{ . if (val >= sizeof (bfd_vma) * 8 - 1) . return false; . sec->alignment_power = val; . return true; .} . .{* These sections are global, and are managed by BFD. The application . and target back end are not permitted to change the values in . these sections. *} .extern asection _bfd_std_section[4]; . .#define BFD_ABS_SECTION_NAME "*ABS*" .#define BFD_UND_SECTION_NAME "*UND*" .#define BFD_COM_SECTION_NAME "*COM*" .#define BFD_IND_SECTION_NAME "*IND*" . .{* Pointer to the common section. *} .#define bfd_com_section_ptr (&_bfd_std_section[0]) .{* Pointer to the undefined section. *} .#define bfd_und_section_ptr (&_bfd_std_section[1]) .{* Pointer to the absolute section. *} .#define bfd_abs_section_ptr (&_bfd_std_section[2]) .{* Pointer to the indirect section. *} .#define bfd_ind_section_ptr (&_bfd_std_section[3]) . .static inline bool .bfd_is_und_section (const asection *sec) .{ . return sec == bfd_und_section_ptr; .} . .static inline bool .bfd_is_abs_section (const asection *sec) .{ . return sec == bfd_abs_section_ptr; .} . .static inline bool .bfd_is_ind_section (const asection *sec) .{ . return sec == bfd_ind_section_ptr; .} . .static inline bool .bfd_is_const_section (const asection *sec) .{ . return (sec >= _bfd_std_section . && sec < _bfd_std_section + (sizeof (_bfd_std_section) . / sizeof (_bfd_std_section[0]))); .} . .{* Return TRUE if input section SEC has been discarded. *} .static inline bool .discarded_section (const asection *sec) .{ . return (!bfd_is_abs_section (sec) . && bfd_is_abs_section (sec->output_section) . && sec->sec_info_type != SEC_INFO_TYPE_MERGE . && sec->sec_info_type != SEC_INFO_TYPE_JUST_SYMS); .} . .#define BFD_FAKE_SECTION(SEC, SYM, NAME, IDX, FLAGS) \ . {* name, next, prev, id, section_id, index, flags, user_set_vma, *} \ . { NAME, NULL, NULL, IDX, 0, 0, FLAGS, 0, \ . \ . {* linker_mark, linker_has_input, gc_mark, decompress_status, *} \ . 0, 0, 1, 0, \ . \ . {* segment_mark, sec_info_type, use_rela_p, mmapped_p, *} \ . 0, 0, 0, 0, \ . \ . {* sec_flg0, sec_flg1, sec_flg2, sec_flg3, sec_flg4, sec_flg5, *} \ . 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, \ . \ . {* vma, lma, size, rawsize, compressed_size, *} \ . 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, \ . \ . {* output_offset, output_section, relocation, orelocation, *} \ . 0, &SEC, NULL, NULL, \ . \ . {* reloc_count, alignment_power, filepos, rel_filepos, *} \ . 0, 0, 0, 0, \ . \ . {* line_filepos, userdata, contents, lineno, lineno_count, *} \ . 0, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, \ . \ . {* entsize, kept_section, moving_line_filepos, *} \ . 0, NULL, 0, \ . \ . {* target_index, used_by_bfd, constructor_chain, owner, *} \ . 0, NULL, NULL, NULL, \ . \ . {* symbol, *} \ . (struct bfd_symbol *) SYM, \ . \ . {* map_head, map_tail, already_assigned, type *} \ . { NULL }, { NULL }, NULL, 0 \ . \ . } . .{* We use a macro to initialize the static asymbol structures because . traditional C does not permit us to initialize a union member while . gcc warns if we don't initialize it. . the_bfd, name, value, attr, section [, udata] *} .#ifdef __STDC__ .#define GLOBAL_SYM_INIT(NAME, SECTION) \ . { 0, NAME, 0, BSF_SECTION_SYM, SECTION, { 0 }} .#else .#define GLOBAL_SYM_INIT(NAME, SECTION) \ . { 0, NAME, 0, BSF_SECTION_SYM, SECTION } .#endif . */ /* These symbols are global, not specific to any BFD. Therefore, anything that tries to change them is broken, and should be repaired. */ static const asymbol global_syms[] = { GLOBAL_SYM_INIT (BFD_COM_SECTION_NAME, bfd_com_section_ptr), GLOBAL_SYM_INIT (BFD_UND_SECTION_NAME, bfd_und_section_ptr), GLOBAL_SYM_INIT (BFD_ABS_SECTION_NAME, bfd_abs_section_ptr), GLOBAL_SYM_INIT (BFD_IND_SECTION_NAME, bfd_ind_section_ptr) }; #define STD_SECTION(NAME, IDX, FLAGS) \ BFD_FAKE_SECTION(_bfd_std_section[IDX], &global_syms[IDX], NAME, IDX, FLAGS) asection _bfd_std_section[] = { STD_SECTION (BFD_COM_SECTION_NAME, 0, SEC_IS_COMMON), STD_SECTION (BFD_UND_SECTION_NAME, 1, 0), STD_SECTION (BFD_ABS_SECTION_NAME, 2, 0), STD_SECTION (BFD_IND_SECTION_NAME, 3, 0) }; #undef STD_SECTION /* Initialize an entry in the section hash table. */ struct bfd_hash_entry * bfd_section_hash_newfunc (struct bfd_hash_entry *entry, struct bfd_hash_table *table, const char *string) { /* Allocate the structure if it has not already been allocated by a subclass. */ if (entry == NULL) { entry = (struct bfd_hash_entry *) bfd_hash_allocate (table, sizeof (struct section_hash_entry)); if (entry == NULL) return entry; } /* Call the allocation method of the superclass. */ entry = bfd_hash_newfunc (entry, table, string); if (entry != NULL) memset (&((struct section_hash_entry *) entry)->section, 0, sizeof (asection)); return entry; } #define section_hash_lookup(table, string, create, copy) \ ((struct section_hash_entry *) \ bfd_hash_lookup ((table), (string), (create), (copy))) /* Create a symbol whose only job is to point to this section. This is useful for things like relocs which are relative to the base of a section. */ bool _bfd_generic_new_section_hook (bfd *abfd, asection *newsect) { newsect->symbol = bfd_make_empty_symbol (abfd); if (newsect->symbol == NULL) return false; newsect->symbol->name = newsect->name; newsect->symbol->value = 0; newsect->symbol->section = newsect; newsect->symbol->flags = BSF_SECTION_SYM; return true; } unsigned int _bfd_section_id = 0x10; /* id 0 to 3 used by STD_SECTION. */ /* Initializes a new section. NEWSECT->NAME is already set. */ static asection * bfd_section_init (bfd *abfd, asection *newsect) { /* Locking needed for the _bfd_section_id access. */ if (!bfd_lock ()) return NULL; newsect->id = _bfd_section_id; newsect->index = abfd->section_count; newsect->owner = abfd; if (! BFD_SEND (abfd, _new_section_hook, (abfd, newsect))) return NULL; _bfd_section_id++; abfd->section_count++; bfd_section_list_append (abfd, newsect); if (!bfd_unlock ()) return NULL; return newsect; } /* DOCDD INODE section prototypes, , typedef asection, Sections SUBSECTION Section prototypes These are the functions exported by the section handling part of BFD. */ /* FUNCTION bfd_section_list_clear SYNOPSIS void bfd_section_list_clear (bfd *); DESCRIPTION Clears the section list, and also resets the section count and hash table entries. */ void bfd_section_list_clear (bfd *abfd) { abfd->sections = NULL; abfd->section_last = NULL; abfd->section_count = 0; memset (abfd->section_htab.table, 0, abfd->section_htab.size * sizeof (struct bfd_hash_entry *)); abfd->section_htab.count = 0; } /* FUNCTION bfd_get_section_by_name SYNOPSIS asection *bfd_get_section_by_name (bfd *abfd, const char *name); DESCRIPTION Return the most recently created section attached to @var{abfd} named @var{name}. Return NULL if no such section exists. */ asection * bfd_get_section_by_name (bfd *abfd, const char *name) { struct section_hash_entry *sh; if (name == NULL) return NULL; sh = section_hash_lookup (&abfd->section_htab, name, false, false); if (sh != NULL) return &sh->section; return NULL; } /* FUNCTION bfd_get_next_section_by_name SYNOPSIS asection *bfd_get_next_section_by_name (bfd *ibfd, asection *sec); DESCRIPTION Given @var{sec} is a section returned by @code{bfd_get_section_by_name}, return the next most recently created section attached to the same BFD with the same name, or if no such section exists in the same BFD and IBFD is non-NULL, the next section with the same name in any input BFD following IBFD. Return NULL on finding no section. */ asection * bfd_get_next_section_by_name (bfd *ibfd, asection *sec) { struct section_hash_entry *sh; const char *name; unsigned long hash; sh = ((struct section_hash_entry *) ((char *) sec - offsetof (struct section_hash_entry, section))); hash = sh->root.hash; name = sec->name; for (sh = (struct section_hash_entry *) sh->root.next; sh != NULL; sh = (struct section_hash_entry *) sh->root.next) if (sh->root.hash == hash && strcmp (sh->root.string, name) == 0) return &sh->section; if (ibfd != NULL) { while ((ibfd = ibfd->link.next) != NULL) { asection *s = bfd_get_section_by_name (ibfd, name); if (s != NULL) return s; } } return NULL; } /* FUNCTION bfd_get_linker_section SYNOPSIS asection *bfd_get_linker_section (bfd *abfd, const char *name); DESCRIPTION Return the linker created section attached to @var{abfd} named @var{name}. Return NULL if no such section exists. */ asection * bfd_get_linker_section (bfd *abfd, const char *name) { asection *sec = bfd_get_section_by_name (abfd, name); while (sec != NULL && (sec->flags & SEC_LINKER_CREATED) == 0) sec = bfd_get_next_section_by_name (NULL, sec); return sec; } /* FUNCTION bfd_get_section_by_name_if SYNOPSIS asection *bfd_get_section_by_name_if (bfd *abfd, const char *name, bool (*func) (bfd *abfd, asection *sect, void *obj), void *obj); DESCRIPTION Call the provided function @var{func} for each section attached to the BFD @var{abfd} whose name matches @var{name}, passing @var{obj} as an argument. The function will be called as if by | func (abfd, the_section, obj); It returns the first section for which @var{func} returns true, otherwise <>. */ asection * bfd_get_section_by_name_if (bfd *abfd, const char *name, bool (*operation) (bfd *, asection *, void *), void *user_storage) { struct section_hash_entry *sh; unsigned long hash; if (name == NULL) return NULL; sh = section_hash_lookup (&abfd->section_htab, name, false, false); if (sh == NULL) return NULL; hash = sh->root.hash; for (; sh != NULL; sh = (struct section_hash_entry *) sh->root.next) if (sh->root.hash == hash && strcmp (sh->root.string, name) == 0 && (*operation) (abfd, &sh->section, user_storage)) return &sh->section; return NULL; } /* FUNCTION bfd_get_unique_section_name SYNOPSIS char *bfd_get_unique_section_name (bfd *abfd, const char *templat, int *count); DESCRIPTION Invent a section name that is unique in @var{abfd} by tacking a dot and a digit suffix onto the original @var{templat}. If @var{count} is non-NULL, then it specifies the first number tried as a suffix to generate a unique name. The value pointed to by @var{count} will be incremented in this case. */ char * bfd_get_unique_section_name (bfd *abfd, const char *templat, int *count) { int num; unsigned int len; char *sname; len = strlen (templat); sname = (char *) bfd_malloc (len + 8); if (sname == NULL) return NULL; memcpy (sname, templat, len); num = 1; if (count != NULL) num = *count; do { /* If we have a million sections, something is badly wrong. */ if (num > 999999) abort (); sprintf (sname + len, ".%d", num++); } while (section_hash_lookup (&abfd->section_htab, sname, false, false)); if (count != NULL) *count = num; return sname; } /* FUNCTION bfd_make_section_old_way SYNOPSIS asection *bfd_make_section_old_way (bfd *abfd, const char *name); DESCRIPTION Create a new empty section called @var{name} and attach it to the end of the chain of sections for the BFD @var{abfd}. An attempt to create a section with a name which is already in use returns its pointer without changing the section chain. It has the funny name since this is the way it used to be before it was rewritten.... Possible errors are: o <> - If output has already started for this BFD. o <> - If memory allocation fails. */ asection * bfd_make_section_old_way (bfd *abfd, const char *name) { asection *newsect; if (abfd->output_has_begun) { bfd_set_error (bfd_error_invalid_operation); return NULL; } if (strcmp (name, BFD_ABS_SECTION_NAME) == 0) newsect = bfd_abs_section_ptr; else if (strcmp (name, BFD_COM_SECTION_NAME) == 0) newsect = bfd_com_section_ptr; else if (strcmp (name, BFD_UND_SECTION_NAME) == 0) newsect = bfd_und_section_ptr; else if (strcmp (name, BFD_IND_SECTION_NAME) == 0) newsect = bfd_ind_section_ptr; else { struct section_hash_entry *sh; sh = section_hash_lookup (&abfd->section_htab, name, true, false); if (sh == NULL) return NULL; newsect = &sh->section; if (newsect->name != NULL) { /* Section already exists. */ return newsect; } newsect->name = name; return bfd_section_init (abfd, newsect); } return newsect; } /* FUNCTION bfd_make_section_anyway_with_flags SYNOPSIS asection *bfd_make_section_anyway_with_flags (bfd *abfd, const char *name, flagword flags); DESCRIPTION Create a new empty section called @var{name} and attach it to the end of the chain of sections for @var{abfd}. Create a new section even if there is already a section with that name. Also set the attributes of the new section to the value @var{flags}. Return <> and set <> on error; possible errors are: o <> - If output has already started for @var{abfd}. o <> - If memory allocation fails. */ sec_ptr bfd_make_section_anyway_with_flags (bfd *abfd, const char *name, flagword flags) { struct section_hash_entry *sh; asection *newsect; if (abfd->output_has_begun) { bfd_set_error (bfd_error_invalid_operation); return NULL; } sh = section_hash_lookup (&abfd->section_htab, name, true, false); if (sh == NULL) return NULL; newsect = &sh->section; if (newsect->name != NULL) { /* We are making a section of the same name. Put it in the section hash table. Even though we can't find it directly by a hash lookup, we'll be able to find the section by traversing sh->root.next quicker than looking at all the bfd sections. */ struct section_hash_entry *new_sh; new_sh = (struct section_hash_entry *) bfd_section_hash_newfunc (NULL, &abfd->section_htab, name); if (new_sh == NULL) return NULL; new_sh->root = sh->root; sh->root.next = &new_sh->root; newsect = &new_sh->section; } newsect->flags = flags; newsect->name = name; return bfd_section_init (abfd, newsect); } /* FUNCTION bfd_make_section_anyway SYNOPSIS asection *bfd_make_section_anyway (bfd *abfd, const char *name); DESCRIPTION Create a new empty section called @var{name} and attach it to the end of the chain of sections for @var{abfd}. Create a new section even if there is already a section with that name. Return <> and set <> on error; possible errors are: o <> - If output has already started for @var{abfd}. o <> - If memory allocation fails. */ sec_ptr bfd_make_section_anyway (bfd *abfd, const char *name) { return bfd_make_section_anyway_with_flags (abfd, name, 0); } /* FUNCTION bfd_make_section_with_flags SYNOPSIS asection *bfd_make_section_with_flags (bfd *, const char *name, flagword flags); DESCRIPTION Like <>, but return <> (without calling bfd_set_error ()) without changing the section chain if there is already a section named @var{name}. Also set the attributes of the new section to the value @var{flags}. If there is an error, return <> and set <>. */ asection * bfd_make_section_with_flags (bfd *abfd, const char *name, flagword flags) { struct section_hash_entry *sh; asection *newsect; if (abfd == NULL || name == NULL || abfd->output_has_begun) { bfd_set_error (bfd_error_invalid_operation); return NULL; } if (strcmp (name, BFD_ABS_SECTION_NAME) == 0 || strcmp (name, BFD_COM_SECTION_NAME) == 0 || strcmp (name, BFD_UND_SECTION_NAME) == 0 || strcmp (name, BFD_IND_SECTION_NAME) == 0) return NULL; sh = section_hash_lookup (&abfd->section_htab, name, true, false); if (sh == NULL) return NULL; newsect = &sh->section; if (newsect->name != NULL) { /* Section already exists. */ return NULL; } newsect->name = name; newsect->flags = flags; return bfd_section_init (abfd, newsect); } /* FUNCTION bfd_make_section SYNOPSIS asection *bfd_make_section (bfd *, const char *name); DESCRIPTION Like <>, but return <> (without calling bfd_set_error ()) without changing the section chain if there is already a section named @var{name}. If there is an error, return <> and set <>. */ asection * bfd_make_section (bfd *abfd, const char *name) { return bfd_make_section_with_flags (abfd, name, 0); } /* FUNCTION bfd_set_section_flags SYNOPSIS bool bfd_set_section_flags (asection *sec, flagword flags); DESCRIPTION Set the attributes of the section @var{sec} to the value @var{flags}. Return <> on success, <> on error. Possible error returns are: o <> - The section cannot have one or more of the attributes requested. For example, a .bss section in <> may not have the <> field set. */ bool bfd_set_section_flags (asection *section, flagword flags) { section->flags = flags; return true; } /* FUNCTION bfd_rename_section SYNOPSIS void bfd_rename_section (asection *sec, const char *newname); DESCRIPTION Rename section @var{sec} to @var{newname}. */ void bfd_rename_section (asection *sec, const char *newname) { struct section_hash_entry *sh; sh = (struct section_hash_entry *) ((char *) sec - offsetof (struct section_hash_entry, section)); sh->section.name = newname; bfd_hash_rename (&sec->owner->section_htab, newname, &sh->root); } /* FUNCTION bfd_map_over_sections SYNOPSIS void bfd_map_over_sections (bfd *abfd, void (*func) (bfd *abfd, asection *sect, void *obj), void *obj); DESCRIPTION Call the provided function @var{func} for each section attached to the BFD @var{abfd}, passing @var{obj} as an argument. The function will be called as if by | func (abfd, the_section, obj); This is the preferred method for iterating over sections; an alternative would be to use a loop: | asection *p; | for (p = abfd->sections; p != NULL; p = p->next) | func (abfd, p, ...) */ void bfd_map_over_sections (bfd *abfd, void (*operation) (bfd *, asection *, void *), void *user_storage) { asection *sect; unsigned int i = 0; for (sect = abfd->sections; sect != NULL; i++, sect = sect->next) (*operation) (abfd, sect, user_storage); if (i != abfd->section_count) /* Debugging */ abort (); } /* FUNCTION bfd_sections_find_if SYNOPSIS asection *bfd_sections_find_if (bfd *abfd, bool (*operation) (bfd *abfd, asection *sect, void *obj), void *obj); DESCRIPTION Call the provided function @var{operation} for each section attached to the BFD @var{abfd}, passing @var{obj} as an argument. The function will be called as if by | operation (abfd, the_section, obj); It returns the first section for which @var{operation} returns true. */ asection * bfd_sections_find_if (bfd *abfd, bool (*operation) (bfd *, asection *, void *), void *user_storage) { asection *sect; for (sect = abfd->sections; sect != NULL; sect = sect->next) if ((*operation) (abfd, sect, user_storage)) break; return sect; } /* FUNCTION bfd_set_section_size SYNOPSIS bool bfd_set_section_size (asection *sec, bfd_size_type val); DESCRIPTION Set @var{sec} to the size @var{val}. If the operation is ok, then <> is returned, else <>. Possible error returns: o <> - Writing has started to the BFD, so setting the size is invalid. */ bool bfd_set_section_size (asection *sec, bfd_size_type val) { /* Once you've started writing to any section you cannot create or change the size of any others. */ if (sec->owner == NULL || sec->owner->output_has_begun) { bfd_set_error (bfd_error_invalid_operation); return false; } sec->size = val; return true; } /* FUNCTION bfd_set_section_contents SYNOPSIS bool bfd_set_section_contents (bfd *abfd, asection *section, const void *data, file_ptr offset, bfd_size_type count); DESCRIPTION Sets the contents of the section @var{section} in BFD @var{abfd} to the data starting in memory at @var{location}. The data is written to the output section starting at offset @var{offset} for @var{count} octets. Normally <> is returned, but <> is returned if there was an error. Possible error returns are: o <> - The output section does not have the <> attribute, so nothing can be written to it. o <> - The section is unable to contain all of the data. o <> - The BFD is not writeable. o and some more too. This routine is front end to the back end function <<_bfd_set_section_contents>>. */ bool bfd_set_section_contents (bfd *abfd, sec_ptr section, const void *location, file_ptr offset, bfd_size_type count) { bfd_size_type sz; if (!(bfd_section_flags (section) & SEC_HAS_CONTENTS)) { bfd_set_error (bfd_error_no_contents); return false; } sz = section->size; if ((bfd_size_type) offset > sz || count > sz - offset || count != (size_t) count) { bfd_set_error (bfd_error_bad_value); return false; } if (!bfd_write_p (abfd)) { bfd_set_error (bfd_error_invalid_operation); return false; } /* Record a copy of the data in memory if desired. */ if (section->contents && location != section->contents + offset) memcpy (section->contents + offset, location, (size_t) count); if (BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_set_section_contents, (abfd, section, location, offset, count))) { abfd->output_has_begun = true; return true; } return false; } /* FUNCTION bfd_get_section_contents SYNOPSIS bool bfd_get_section_contents (bfd *abfd, asection *section, void *location, file_ptr offset, bfd_size_type count); DESCRIPTION Read data from @var{section} in BFD @var{abfd} into memory starting at @var{location}. The data is read at an offset of @var{offset} from the start of the input section, and is read for @var{count} bytes. If the contents of a constructor with the <> flag set are requested or if the section does not have the <> flag set, then the @var{location} is filled with zeroes. If no errors occur, <> is returned, else <>. */ bool bfd_get_section_contents (bfd *abfd, sec_ptr section, void *location, file_ptr offset, bfd_size_type count) { bfd_size_type sz; if (count == 0) /* Don't bother. */ return true; if (section == NULL) { bfd_set_error (bfd_error_bad_value); return false; } if (location == NULL) { if (section->mmapped_p) { /* Pass this request straight on to the target's function. All of the code below assumes that location != NULL. FIXME: Should we still check that count is sane ? */ return BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_get_section_contents, (abfd, section, location, offset, count)); } bfd_set_error (bfd_error_bad_value); return false; } if (section->flags & SEC_CONSTRUCTOR) { memset (location, 0, (size_t) count); return true; } if ((section->flags & SEC_HAS_CONTENTS) == 0) { memset (location, 0, (size_t) count); return true; } if (abfd == NULL) return false; sz = bfd_get_section_limit_octets (abfd, section); if ((bfd_size_type) offset > sz || count > sz - offset || count != (size_t) count) { bfd_set_error (bfd_error_bad_value); return false; } if ((section->flags & SEC_IN_MEMORY) != 0) { if (section->contents == NULL) { /* This can happen because of errors earlier on in the linking process. We do not want to seg-fault here, so clear the flag and return an error code. */ section->flags &= ~ SEC_IN_MEMORY; bfd_set_error (bfd_error_invalid_operation); return false; } memmove (location, section->contents + offset, (size_t) count); return true; } return BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_get_section_contents, (abfd, section, location, offset, count)); } /* FUNCTION bfd_malloc_and_get_section SYNOPSIS bool bfd_malloc_and_get_section (bfd *abfd, asection *section, bfd_byte **buf); DESCRIPTION Read all data from @var{section} in BFD @var{abfd} into a buffer, *@var{buf}, malloc'd by this function. Return @code{true} on success, @code{false} on failure in which case *@var{buf} will be NULL. */ bool bfd_malloc_and_get_section (bfd *abfd, sec_ptr sec, bfd_byte **buf) { if (sec->mmapped_p) abort (); *buf = NULL; return bfd_get_full_section_contents (abfd, sec, buf); } /* FUNCTION bfd_copy_private_section_data SYNOPSIS bool bfd_copy_private_section_data (bfd *ibfd, asection *isec, bfd *obfd, asection *osec); DESCRIPTION Copy private section information from @var{isec} in the BFD @var{ibfd} to the section @var{osec} in the BFD @var{obfd}. Return <> on success, <> on error. Possible error returns are: o <> - Not enough memory exists to create private data for @var{osec}. .#define bfd_copy_private_section_data(ibfd, isection, obfd, osection) \ . BFD_SEND (obfd, _bfd_copy_private_section_data, \ . (ibfd, isection, obfd, osection)) */ /* FUNCTION bfd_generic_is_group_section SYNOPSIS bool bfd_generic_is_group_section (bfd *, const asection *sec); DESCRIPTION Returns TRUE if @var{sec} is a member of a group. */ bool bfd_generic_is_group_section (bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, const asection *sec ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED) { return false; } /* FUNCTION bfd_generic_group_name SYNOPSIS const char *bfd_generic_group_name (bfd *, const asection *sec); DESCRIPTION Returns group name if @var{sec} is a member of a group. */ const char * bfd_generic_group_name (bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, const asection *sec ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED) { return NULL; } /* FUNCTION bfd_generic_discard_group SYNOPSIS bool bfd_generic_discard_group (bfd *abfd, asection *group); DESCRIPTION Remove all members of @var{group} from the output. */ bool bfd_generic_discard_group (bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, asection *group ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED) { return true; } bool _bfd_nowrite_set_section_contents (bfd *abfd, sec_ptr section ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, const void *location ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, file_ptr offset ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED, bfd_size_type count ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED) { return _bfd_bool_bfd_false_error (abfd); } /* FUNCTION bfd_section_size_insane SYNOPSIS bool bfd_section_size_insane (bfd *abfd, asection *sec); DESCRIPTION Returns true if the given section has a size that indicates it cannot be read from file. Return false if the size is OK *or* this function can't say one way or the other. */ bool bfd_section_size_insane (bfd *abfd, asection *sec) { bfd_size_type size = bfd_get_section_limit_octets (abfd, sec); if (size == 0) return false; if ((bfd_section_flags (sec) & SEC_IN_MEMORY) != 0 /* PR 24753: Linker created sections can be larger than the file size, eg if they are being used to hold stubs. */ || (bfd_section_flags (sec) & SEC_LINKER_CREATED) != 0 /* PR 24753: Sections which have no content should also be excluded as they contain no size on disk. */ || (bfd_section_flags (sec) & SEC_HAS_CONTENTS) == 0 /* The MMO file format supports its own special compression technique, but it uses COMPRESS_SECTION_NONE when loading a section's contents. */ || bfd_get_flavour (abfd) == bfd_target_mmo_flavour) return false; ufile_ptr filesize = bfd_get_file_size (abfd); if (filesize == 0) return false; if (sec->compress_status == DECOMPRESS_SECTION_ZSTD || sec->compress_status == DECOMPRESS_SECTION_ZLIB) { /* PR26946, PR28834: Sanity check compress header uncompressed size against the original file size, and check that the compressed section can be read from file. We choose an arbitrary uncompressed size of 10x the file size, rather than a compress ratio. The reason being that compiling "int aaa..a;" with "a" repeated enough times can result in compression ratios without limit for .debug_str, whereas such a file will usually also have the enormous symbol uncompressed in .symtab. */ if (size / 10 > filesize) { bfd_set_error (bfd_error_bad_value); return true; } size = sec->compressed_size; } if ((ufile_ptr) sec->filepos > filesize || size > filesize - sec->filepos) { bfd_set_error (bfd_error_file_truncated); return true; } return false; }